长三角城市群的空间组织特征与规划取向探讨——基于企业联系的实证研究

在“流动空间”及“全球城市区域”等理论概念的指引下,运用城市网络研究方法,对长三角各县市单元以企业分支机构空间数据为支撑的网络联系进行定量分析,从而获得对长三角城市群内部空间组织特征与演变趋势的认知.研究表明,自2001年以来,长三角城市群的空间组织关系呈现出不断强化的网络化特征.在演变进程中,上海在长三角城市群中的核心地位得到了巩固,网络能力不断提升;以上海为中心的跨省域近域都市圈也已形成且不断发育;而南京、杭州作为省会城市在其各自省域范围内的中心功能和核心功能腹地亦很显见.在省会以下层面的地级城市则越来越多地表现出专业化节点的功能特征,其本级城市和直接腹地空间则受到了多个强中心的辐射而同时融入了不同都市圈;总体而言,在市场经济的自组织作用力下,长三角区域空间的网络化格局日趋显著.文章最后基于实证研究的结论,对我国城市群发展规划的要义、趋势和取向做若干探讨.     

New simple transistor realizations of second- generation voltage conveyor

In this paper, two new complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) realizations for second-generation voltage conveyor (VCII) are presented. The first proposed VCII has a very simple structure employing only six transistors. The second proposed VCII employs 11 transistors, and none of the transistors at both proposed circuits suffer from the body effect. Small-signal analysis, parasitic elements, and input-referred noise of the proposed VCIIs are given. Moreover, a new active element called voltage controlled second-generation voltage conveyor (VC-VCII) is proposed as dual element of current controlled second-generation current conveyor (CCCII) active element. Its parasitic resistance at the Y terminal can be controlled electronically. Two presented CMOS structures of VCII are worked as VC-VCII with slight modification. Proposed circuits are simulated in Cadence Analog environment using TSMC 0.18-μm process parameters with ±0.9-V supply voltages. Both CMOS structures occupy a small chip area of 276.8 and 271 μm², respectively. The bandwidth of the current follower stage of the proposed VCIIs is found as 794 MHz, whereas the bandwidth of the voltage follower stage for the first and second proposed VCIIs is found as 2.57 and 1.92 GHz, respectively. As an application example, voltage-mode first-order low-pass filter has been given with its tunable gain by using VC-VCII.     

Ecological effects of diffuse mixed pollution are site-specific and require higher-tier risk assessment to improve site management decisions: a discussion paper

Many Dutch ecosystems, whether terrestrial, aquatic or sediment-based, are diffusely polluted by mixtures of contaminants, whose concentrations often exceed regulatory Safe Values or other generic quality criteria. This situation has unclear consequences, especially when local authorities are confronted with such pollution. Water managers are frequently in doubt whether their water systems satisfy the criteria for ‘Good Ecological Status’ as defined in the EU's Water Framework Directive. In case of soils, soil users may wonder whether the soil is ‘fit for use’. In case of nature conservation, the problem is that protected species might suffer from toxic stress. Official regulations in these cases call for appropriate action, but it is unclear whether the diffuse exposure causes adverse effects, and what the action should be. This paper proposes and discusses a site-oriented approach in the risk assessment of diffusely contaminated sites that can be used in addition to the compound-oriented policies from which the abovementioned generic quality criteria were derived. The site-oriented approach can be of help in reducing site-specific risks of diffuse contamination.Reflecting on the results of a large Dutch research effort in systems-oriented ecotoxicological effects, the conclusion is drawn that exposure and effects of diffuse pollution are site-specific in kind and magnitude, determined by the local combination of source-pathway-receptor issues, and often not clearly detectable (though often present). To assist in risk management, higher-tier methods can address various aspects, like addressing local mixture composition, bioavailability, and sensitivity of local species groups. Higher-tier risk assessment methods have as yet been developed mainly for cases of serious contamination, like for pesticide management and Risk-Based Land Management. For diffuse pollution, site-specific information can also be used to obtain site-specific exposure and impact information, while practical and ecology-based approaches can be introduced to obtain an integrated overview of the meaning of site contamination and to derive options for managing and reducing the local risks. These issues are discussed against the background of current major policy shifts, in The Netherlands and elsewhere, from a pollutant-oriented assessment to an additional ecological and site-oriented assessment. The latter is most clearly represented in the Good Ecological Status aim of the EU-Water Framework Directive. The paper assesses, integrates and discusses the results of the Dutch research effort in this policy context.     

白云铁矿富钾板岩综合利用途径的研究

文章阐述了白云鄂博铁矿富钾板岩的几种综合利用的途径,分别探讨了碳酸钠、石灰石烧结法和湿法的酸碱分离方法,以此达到富钾板岩综合利用的目的.     

河北省迁安市合理开发利用水资源若干政策措施探讨

本文在深入分析河北省迁安市城市建设和工业快速发展对水资源需求增大现状的基础上,提出该市保护与合理开发利用水资源的若干对策建议:一是依靠科技进步,大力提高水资源利用率,全面建设节水型社会;二是强化政府职能,发挥企业治理水资源污染的积极性和主动性,全面建设环境友好型社会;三是建设生态防洪工程,构建和谐迁安。     

《功能性食品学》课程教学的实践与思考

我国功能性食品的发展经历了波折,如今渐渐走入正轨,呈现出蓬勃发展的态势。在此大背景下,功能性食品学课程的教学也在各相关高校展开与发展。简述了我国功能性食品的发展状况;功能性食品学课程在高校中的开设情况;阐述了功能性食品学课程教学中的两个基本问题,即"教什么"和"怎么教"的问题。并对阶段性的教学实践作了一定的总结和反思。     

变速算法在舞台吊杆控制中的应用

传统舞台吊杆控制系统多采用匀速控制,存在吊杆定位误差大,零速停靠不易实现等缺点.该文介绍了舞台吊杆变速控制方案,重点介绍了变速算法的应用与实现,实验结果表明,该算法可以使吊杆实现零速制动,减小定位误差.     

特征系统实现算法的小波去噪方法研究

ERA/DC 利用脉冲响应数据构造 Hankel 矩阵时运用了相关技术,因此对信号中的白噪声有抑制效果,但实际数据所含的噪声中,除随机噪声外,还有尖脉冲噪声、漂移等其它噪声。为了获得理想的识别效果,利用小波算法对脉冲响应数据进行去噪处理,再用 ERA/DC 进行识别。两自由度的阻尼弹簧质量系统以及卫星缩尺模型的仿真结果表明,小波去噪方法对多种噪声形式均有抑制作用,能提高 ERA/DC 的识别精度,可用于 ERA/DC识别的信号去噪。     

克鲁斯卡尔(Kruskal)算法的实现与分析

克鲁斯卡尔(Kruskal)算法是实现图的最小生成树最常用的算法。本文主要介绍克鲁斯卡尔(Kruskal)算法的实现方法,并对克鲁斯卡尔(Kruskal)算法的效率进行分析。     

Identification of certain noisy MA models: new results

In this paper, we address the identification problem of p-inputs q-outputs MA models, corrupted by a white noise with unknown covariance matrix, in the case where p<q. Under certain additional conditions, we show that the generating function of the MA model is identifiable (up to a p×p constant orthogonal matrix) from the autocovariance function of the observation. Our results extend those already obtained in Desbouvries et al. [5] and Desbouvries and Loubaton [6].